Common fault phenomena, causes and elimination methods of piston compressors

　　Common faults of piston compressor (1) 　　 Phenomenon: the compressor cannot start Reasons: 1. Electrical circuit failure; 2. High and medium voltage relay and oil pressure relay are disconnected. 　　 Elimination method 1. Check and repair; 2. Check and adjust the interlocking contacts of high and medium voltage relays and oil pressure relays. 　　Common faults of piston compressor (2) 　　 Phenomenon: the compressor stops soon after starting 　　 Reasons: 1. The oil pressure is too low; 2. The setting value of the oil pressure relay is too high. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Use oil pressure regulating valve to increase the oil pressure. 2. Adjust the oil pressure to the standard value Common failures of piston compressors (3) 　　 Phenomenon: there is knocking sound in the cylinder 　　 Reasons: 1. The piston hits the exhaust valve during operation. Air valve bolts are loose. 2. The valve disc is damaged, and the gap between the piston pin and the bearing is too large.　3. The spring force of the false cover is not enough. 4. Refrigerant liquid enters the cylinder and causes liquid shock. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Open the noise cylinder to increase the gap between the piston and the exhaust valve. 2. Tighten the air valve bolts. 3. Check, adjust and repair after removing the cylinder. Add cushion to increase spring force or replace. 4. Close the suction shut-off valve and the liquid throttle valve or close temporarily. 　　Common failures of piston compressors (4) 　　 Phenomenon: there is a knocking sound in the crankcase 　　 Reasons: 1. The gap between the connecting rod big-end bearing and the bearing is too large 2. The gap between the bearing and the main bearing is too large 3. The loose fit of the flywheel and the shaft or key. 4. The connecting rod bolt is loose. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Check and adjust the gap or replace 2. Check and adjust the gap. 3. Check, adjust the gap, repair 4. Tighten the connecting rod bolt to lock. 　　Common failures of piston compressors (5) 　　 Phenomenon: no oil pressure after the compressor starts. 　　 Reasons: 1. Failure of oil pump transmission parts. 2. The oil inlet of the oil pump is blocked. 3. The oil pressure gauge fails. 4. Oil fine filter and shaft seal are free of oil. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Remove and clean. 2. Check and repair. 3. Check repair or replacement. 4. Increase lubricating oil. 5. Check and repair. 　　Common failures of piston compressors (6) 　　 Phenomenon: lubricating oil pressure is too low 　　 Reasons: 1. The oil suction filter is clogged. 2. The oil pressure regulating valve fails. 3. The gap between the oil pump gear and the pump cover is too large (wear). 4. The amount of oil in the crankcase is insufficient. 5. The bearing clearance of each part is too large or part of the oil circuit leaks oil. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Remove and clean. 2. Check and repair. 3. Check repair or replacement. 4. Increase lubricating oil. 5. Check and repair. 　　Common faults of piston compressors (7) 　　 Phenomenon: The oil consumption of the compressor increases. 　　 Reasons: 1. The refrigerant liquid enters the crankcase. 2. The compressor seal ring, oil scraper ring or cylinder are worn. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Close the suction shut-off valve and the liquid supply throttle valve or temporarily close it. 2. Check and replace if necessary. 　　Common failures of piston compressors (8) 　　 Phenomenon: Oil or air leakage from shaft seal. 　　 Reasons: 1. The sealing surface of the shaft seal is damaged. 2. The oil seal rubber ring is damaged. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Check and repair. 2. Replace the sealing rubber ring. 　　Common failures of piston compressors (9) 　　 Phenomenon: The mechanism of the compressor unloading device is malfunctioning. 　　 Reasons: 1. The oil pressure is not enough. 2. The oil pipe is blocked. 3. There is dirt stuck in the cylinder 　　 Elimination method: 1. Adjust the oil pressure to be 0.15~0.3MPa higher than the suction pressure. 2. Disassemble and clean. 3. Disassemble and clean. 　　Common faults of piston compressor (ten) 　　 Phenomenon: compressor suction temperature is too high. 　　 Reasons: 1. Insufficient refrigerant in the system. 2. Insufficient refrigerant in the evaporator. 3. The water content in ammonia exceeds the specified limit. 4. The insulation of the low-pressure pipeline of the refrigeration system is not good. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Replenish refrigerant. 2. Open the large throttle valve. 3. Check the moisture content of liquid ammonia. 4. Check and repair. 　　Common faults of piston compressor (11) 　　 Phenomenon: compressor exhaust temperature is too high 　　 Reasons: 1. The temperature of the inhaled gas is too high. 2. Exhaust valve rupture. 3. Safety valve is leaking. 4. Air leakage from the piston ring. 5. The gasket under the cylinder liner is broken and leaking. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Check and adjust according to serial number 10. 2. Open the cylinder head and check the valve. 3. Check the safety valve adjustment and repair. 4. Check repair or replacement. 5. Check the replacement. 　　Common faults of piston compressor (12) 　　 Phenomenon: The suction pressure of the compressor is too low. 　　 Reasons: 1. The liquid pipe throttle valve or suction filter is blocked. 2 Insufficient refrigerant in the system. 3. Insufficient refrigerant in the evaporator. 4. There is too much oil in the system. 　　 Elimination method: 1. After vacuum is formed, disassemble and inspect and clean. 2. Replenish refrigerant. 3. Open the large throttle valve. 4. Find out the oil accumulation in the system and drain the oil. 　　Common faults of piston compressor (13) 　　 Phenomenon: The condensation pressure is high (higher than the specified value). 　　 Reasons: 1. There is non-condensable gas in the system. 2. Insufficient cooling water and high water temperature. 3. Dirt in the condensed gas affects the heat transfer area. 4. There is too much ammonia in the condensate. 　　 Elimination method: 1. Release non-condensable gas. 2. Check whether the water valve is open and the water filter is blocked, and try to reduce the water temperature. 3. Clean the condenser. Release excess ammonia.

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