Essential for air compressor companies safety monitoring implementation plan for special equipment

Essential for air compressor companies safety monitoring implementation plan for special equipment

Special equipment refers to those equipment that is more dangerous and is prone to safety accidents if used or managed improperly. Special equipment is large in quantity and widely distributed, involving various aspects of production and life, and is an indispensable equipment facility that people have extensive contact with in daily work and life. The state attaches great importance to the safety of various special equipment, has formulated some regulations and standards, strengthened supervision and management, and effectively reduced accident losses. However, due to the rapid increase in the number of various types of special equipment, the safety issues in manufacturing, use and operation are very serious, there are a large number of hidden dangers of major accidents, and casualties and equipment accidents occur from time to time, which seriously affect social stability and people's lives.

Doing a good job in production safety is of great significance. It is necessary to earnestly establish the concept of "safety first", further increase awareness of the importance of safe production and prevention of safety accidents in special equipment, and take effective measures to do a good job in special equipment safety supervision. Prevent all kinds of safety accidents.

　　 One. Problems in the overall monitoring work

　　 1. There is a serious one-sidedness in the maintenance and management of special equipment, focusing on the accountability of personnel for operation, only grasping "violation" and ignoring the creation of intrinsic safety. No forecasting work was carried out, and no prior system safety evaluation was carried out. The focus of the work was to deal with the accidents that had occurred, while ignoring safety from the use and maintenance stages.

　　 2. There is no clear goal. Dealing with the safety issues of special equipment based on experience, I have countless minds and great blindness.

　　 3. The quality of special equipment operators must be improved as soon as possible.

　　4. The enterprise's measures to monitor special equipment, prevent accidents and reduce accident losses are not complete.

　　 2. Enterprise security monitoring procedures

　　 1. Strengthen the file management of special equipment

　　 First, realize the general survey registration of special equipment. For large enterprises with more special equipment and better management, the leaders of each unit in charge of the equipment will sign a responsibility letter with the enterprise, and actively cooperate with the management department in the declaration and registration of special equipment. In the census, it is necessary to adhere to the combination of census registration and inspection; census registration and hidden danger management; census registration and personnel training.

　　 (1) Formulate rules and regulations to ensure the complete collection of special equipment files. Combining the actual use and management of special equipment, formulate relevant file management regulations to clarify the basic content of special equipment file collection and archiving; complete equipment drawings, installation and operating instructions, strength calculations, use certificates, inspection reports and approvals issued by the provincial or municipal labor department The opinions are collected. In order to strengthen the management of special equipment archives, archives management personnel should also actively participate in the overall completion acceptance of special equipment installation in accordance with relevant special equipment management regulations. Before acceptance, the archives management personnel went to the special equipment user unit to understand the equipment installation and actual distribution of the equipment, and explained the file filing requirements to the construction unit and the user unit. In order to ensure complete, timely, and complete collection of archive materials, companies should insist that special equipment installation units do not accept final accounts if they do not hand over all archive materials. Through institutional norms and economic constraints, to ensure complete and complete special equipment archives.

　　 (2) Clarify management responsibilities and supervise the use of units to strengthen the management of special equipment files. Enterprises should clearly stipulate the direct leadership responsibilities of special equipment management, and incorporate the management of special equipment into the assessment, rewards and punishments of the economic responsibility system, and clearly stipulate that the special equipment management personnel of the user unit shall assist the file management personnel to improve the operation status of the special equipment Responsibility for registering and keeping good archives. While performing safety inspections, the technical management personnel of the user unit should pay attention to registering the number of each in-service pressure vessel and lifting equipment, and record and feedback the operation of the equipment in time. The archives management department adopts a dynamic management method to establish and improve equipment maintenance records, modification records, annual inspection and appraisal records, etc., to continuously enrich the content of special equipment files, realize the true correspondence between file data and operating equipment, and truly make special equipment files as equipment Provide accurate basis for use and maintenance.

　　 (3) Implement special management to improve file utilization. The archives of special equipment are highly utilized in the management and operation of enterprises. For the convenience of use, special equipment files can be individually filed, classified, and numbered to form entries and arrange them systematically. It is also possible to compile special equipment archives into the "Special Equipment Archives Catalogue", including equipment name, installation location, manufacturing unit, field number, use certificate number, storage address, etc., and distribute the catalog to relevant units for file management The personnel are familiar with the scope of management and strengthen the safety inspection work, so that the majority of technical personnel can use the file information to deal with potential hazards in a timely manner, improve the reliability and safety of operating equipment, reduce accident rates, and maintain normal production order.

　　2. Measures for safety monitoring of special equipment

　　 (1) Strengthen the control of design, manufacturing and installation links. First of all, the design must meet the corresponding standards and safety technical requirements. At present, the country has implemented a design review system for passenger ropeways and large-scale amusement facilities. The review is undertaken by a nationally recognized supervision and inspection agency. After the review is passed, it can be put into formal manufacturing and installation.

　　 Units that produce special equipment must meet the required conditions in terms of personnel quality, processing equipment, management level and quality control. The state implements a production license or safety recognition system for special equipment, and only after obtaining the corresponding qualification certificate can it be engaged in the production of special equipment. For special equipment manufactured, a manufacturing quality certificate must be issued and be responsible for its quality and safety.

　　 In addition, for trial-produced special equipment, or product components that have type test requirements in manufacturing standards (or technical regulations), type tests must be conducted by a nationally recognized supervision and inspection agency, and the test can be provided to users after passing the test.

　　 For certain special equipment, such as elevators, passenger ropeways and amusement facilities, installation is a continuation of the manufacturing process. Only after installation, commissioning and trial operation can it be completed, accepted and delivered. Therefore, the installation process is very important. The installation unit must have the corresponding conditions and obtain the installation qualification certificate before it can engage in the installation business. The installation unit must be responsible for the quality and safety of the special equipment installed.

　　 (2) Strengthen the use and operation management of special equipment. Strengthen the monitoring of special equipment in operation, master equipment operating parameters and performance changes, and prevent emergencies as early as possible.

　　The time, scope, items and specific requirements of equipment inspection, monitoring and patrol in operation mainly include:

① Observe whether the parameters directly reflected by the host equipment meters and instruments, such as pressure, flow, speed, temperature, temperature rise, load, load, water level, current, voltage, power factor, frequency, etc., are within the specified range, and whether Reach the extreme value or z*low value (such as water level, etc.).

　　② Carry out a patrol inspection of the host equipment and important accessories, pay attention to whether there are abnormal sounds, flickering discharge, leakage, damage, etc. In particular, it is important to check safety accessories, such as whether the boiler liquid level (water level), steam pressure and safety valve are normal, the contact of the crane hook and the walking switch of the large and small vehicles and the reliability of the line interlocking, and the brake of the steam locomotive. Whether the brake device is operating, whether the electrical grounding connection is good, the pressure gauge and safety valve of the air compressor cylinder, the voltmeter, the cycle meter of the generator set, the vacuum pressure of the condenser, and the integrity and sensitivity of the system protection device. Once an abnormal situation is found, immediately report to the workshop and the competent department. In case of emergency, take emergency precautions at any time. If a situation that endangers the person or may cause a major equipment accident is found, the machine will be shut down immediately. For important safety facilities, the equipment department should store a certain number of spare parts with the same model and specification and reliable quality for replacement in an emergency.

　　③Make a good operation record of special equipment. For equipment in key positions, it is necessary to make a complete record of the operating parameters of the host equipment at regular intervals during production, and record the equipment status, failures, and maintenance contents in the operation diary for each shift, and shift shifts. At the same time, the factory’s environmental protection, safety, equipment, general engineering office, and design departments are required to carefully prepare emergency measures to prevent emergencies and train operators so that in the event of an accident, the affected area can be decisively, accurately and quickly Reduce to a minimum.

　　④ Actively organize and carry out condition monitoring to make the equipment site management and accident prevention methods more scientific and modern.

　　 At present, most factories and mines inspect and monitor special equipment basically at the sight and hearing of people, which affects the effectiveness of equipment failure detection.

For special equipment at key positions, such as boilers, pressure vessels and pipelines, ultrasonic thickness gauges can be used to measure the material thickness of the burning parts of the furnace; for compression machinery rotating equipment and large-capacity motor bearing vibration parts, ultrasonic vibrometers can be used High-precision, high-sensitivity vibration measurement is used to determine whether it exceeds the regulatory standards and determine the damaged area; for large and medium-sized power supply and distribution transformers and power transmission and distribution facilities, a microcomputer multi-function condition monitoring device can be used to monitor the overcurrent, Grounding, short circuit, heavy gas, overload, power factor, etc. implement 24h continuous tracking monitoring and fault alarm, and can achieve accurate fault trip; for cranes, steam locomotives, etc. that are hoisting and unloading, heavy load, frequent mechanical operation and three-shift system Continuously produced special equipment can be inspected by non-destructive flaw detection of its metal materials to determine whether the degree of fatigue and damage of important mechanical parts and materials exceeds the standard.

　　Through the application of condition monitoring and diagnosis technology, the changes in the technical parameters of special equipment can be detected early, and the scope and time limit of failure can be accurately judged to provide a reliable basis for formulating emergency repair plans and preventing accidents.

　　 (3) Strengthen the training and assessment of special equipment operators. The causes of special equipment accidents are manifested as unsafe behaviors of people or unsafe conditions of equipment. Human factors should be corrected through training and education. Operators of special equipment, including installation, maintenance, and operation personnel, should undergo professional training and assessment, and obtain (Special Equipment Operator Qualification Certificate) before they can engage in corresponding work. The safety awareness and operation skills of personnel are improved, and the safe work of special equipment can be guaranteed.

　　 (4) Strengthen the maintenance of special equipment. Special equipment is mostly electromechanical equipment with frequent actions. The performance status of mechanical components and electrical components and the coordination between the components directly affect the safe operation of special equipment. Therefore, regular maintenance of the special equipment used is very important. If the unit does not have the ability to repair and maintain, it should entrust a qualified unit to perform maintenance on its behalf. For example, the unit that uses elevators (hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings, etc.) can entrust a unit that specializes in elevator maintenance. What needs to be emphasized here is: first, we must entrust a qualified unit; second, the user and the maintenance unit must sign a contract to clarify the maintenance quality and safety responsibilities, and ensure that the equipment is in good condition. Once a failure occurs, It should be ensured that the fault is eliminated within a limited time and normal operation is restored. The user unit should establish technical files and have daily operation records and maintenance records for verification.

　　 (5) Implement a special equipment safety inspection system. In view of the importance of special equipment safety work, the state implements a safety inspection system for it. Its purpose is to conduct a fair and impartial inspection from the standpoint of a third party (neither the manufacturer nor the user) to ensure its safety. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine has issued supervision and inspection regulations for elevators, construction lifts, motor vehicles in the factory, and amusement facilities. The document stipulates that the inspection work shall be undertaken by the supervision and inspection agency authorized by the state, and the inspectors must undergo special training and assessment, and hold certificates to work. Practice has proved that the implementation of safety inspection has discovered many hidden dangers of equipment and avoided many accidents.

　　 (6) Strengthen the supervision and management of special equipment. In view of the particularity of special equipment safety, national government departments should strengthen supervision and management. my country's "Safety Production Law" has defined the relationship between comprehensive supervision and special supervision. All relevant departments should perform their duties in accordance with the law, perform their duties and cooperate with each other.

　　 Three, conclusion

　　 Safety work is of great importance. It is related to the healthy development of economic construction and the lives of the people. The safety of special equipment is an important part of the entire work safety. Therefore, it is particularly important to do a good job in the safety of the special equipment of the enterprise. Only in this way can the normal production of the enterprise be guaranteed.