Compressors and other inbound remanufacturing industries should also have high-standard access

Compressors and other inbound remanufacturing industries should also have high-standard access

After the United States formally proposed "remanufacturing" in the early 1980s, other industrialized countries also began to vigorously develop the remanufacturing industry. At present, remanufacturing has become an important industry in developed countries in Europe and America, involving fields such as automobiles, compressors, electronic appliances, machinery and equipment, and office supplies.

　　The Party Central Committee and the State Council have repeatedly emphasized the importance and urgency of strengthening the construction of ecological civilization, and put it in a prominent position. Vigorously developing a circular economy is one of the important measures to build an ecologically civilized society. Remanufacturing is an advanced form of recycling economy recycling, which has huge economic, social and ecological benefits.

Remanufacturing is aimed at improving the performance of used mechanical and electrical products, based on the design and management concept of the whole life cycle of mechanical and electrical products, taking material saving, energy saving, environmental protection, high quality and high efficiency as the important criteria, through advanced manufacturing technology and industrialized manufacturing methods, The general term for a series of technical measures to repair and transform waste mechanical and electrical products. Remanufacturing takes scrap molded parts as blanks. Under the premise of not changing the shape and body material, it can restore the function and size with the help of advanced remanufacturing technology, which will greatly save the mining, smelting, Forging (or injection molding), machining and other complex processing procedures. Remanufacturing restarts a new product life cycle and is an effective way to recycle materials. According to statistics from the International Remanufacturing Industry Organization, remanufacturing can save energy by 60%, save materials by more than 70%, and cost less than 50% of new products. At the same time, the performance and quality of remanufactured products can reach or even exceed that of new prototypes. Therefore, the high cost-effectiveness of remanufacturing has become one of its important features, achieving the perfect unity of economic and social benefits.

　　 At present, my country’s environmental protection tasks are still arduous, and energy resources are limited, so the experience of the remanufacturing industry in developed countries in energy conservation is worth learning. The energy consumption of a new car manufactured in the United States is 6 times that of remanufacturing, and the energy consumption of a newly manufactured car generator is 7 times that of remanufacturing. The remanufacturing of Xerox's 5100 copier is relatively new manufacturing process to reduce waste liquid The amount is 18%, solid waste is 38%, and the emission of carbon dioxide and other waste gas is only 23%.

　　 The remanufacturing industry is in line with the national policy of "three removals, one reduction and one supplement". Remanufacturing is also conducive to promoting "mass entrepreneurship and innovation." For example, to run a print shop or a low-cost start-up company, it costs more than 100,000 yuan to buy a new copy machine, while it only costs more than 20,000 yuan to buy a remanufacturing machine of the same model. Although the price is much cheaper, the functions are basically the same. . The main pollutant consumption and carbon emission of a copy machine is injection molding, and the injection molded parts of the remanufacturing copy machine basically do not need to be replaced. Suppose you buy a new machine that can copy 200,000 sheets of A4 paper, and a remanufactured machine can print at least 180,000 sheets of the same quality paper. The average carbon emission consumed by these 180,000 sheets of paper is much less than that of the new machine. It is one of the good examples of low-carbon economy and mass entrepreneurship that we advocate.

　　 Strictly speaking, my country's remanufacturing industry began in 2005 and is still in the initial stage of development. Although there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries in terms of industrialization, output value, profit, and technology research and development, remanufacturing technology has been verified and applied in the automotive industry, defense and military equipment, aerospace, and other manufacturing. The technology continues to mature and is gradually developing into the civilian manufacturing industry.

　　 At present, many system innovation reforms in the pilot free trade zone involve the field of inbound remanufacturing, and the AQSIQ is also supporting the pilot free trade zone in its documents to promote the development of the inbound remanufacturing industry. Northeast Ricoh (Fuzhou) Printing Equipment Co., Ltd. is a Japanese-funded enterprise that produces, repairs and remanufactures copiers in the Fujian Pilot Free Trade Zone. The company is a w* manufacturer of remanufactured copiers under Ricoh Japan. Tohoku Ricoh has set up recycling centers for old engineering copiers in North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Japan. The recovered old engineering copiers under the "Ricoh" brand are sent to my country after preliminary screening and refurbishment. Since the pilot, all pre-shipment inspections and finished product technical inspection verifications have all been able to meet relevant technical specifications. The company has better control over the safety and quality of remanufactured materials, standardized the management of the entire remanufacturing process, and continued to meet the requirements of inbound remanufacturing business in terms of software and hardware. In terms of hardware, its dust collection system, cleaning system, sewage treatment system, and manufacturing and testing equipment are all operating effectively; in terms of software, it has formed a relatively complete remanufacturing process and a series of standard documents such as quality assurance. The production management data link effectively controls all links from purchase to shipment. At present, the company produces 5,000 remanufactured engineering copiers per year. The appearance and quality of each machine meets the new machine standards, but the sales price is only one-tenth of the new machine.

　　 The development prospects of the inbound remanufacturing industry are broad, and some inbound remanufacturing enterprises are located in the pilot free trade zone. Take the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone as an example. There are more than 20 remanufacturing companies, most of which are well-known overseas companies, enjoying the preferential policies of the Pilot Free Trade Zone. Most of them have two ends, that is, old machines are purchased and remanufactured products are sold. . Conversely, most of the inbound remanufacturing companies that are not in the pilot free trade zone are domestic-funded enterprises. They import used electromechanical products and purchase them abroad, and the market for remanufactured products is domestic. Unfortunately, most companies still remain at the level of acquiring foreign used electromechanical maintenance services.

　　 Judging from the overall situation of the current industry, there is still a lot of room for exploration in this field from top-level design to practice. In the exploration of inspection and supervision innovation in the pilot free trade zone, the author believes that we should increase policy and regulation research, high-standard access, strengthen brand awareness, after-sales service awareness and intellectual property awareness, and further standardize the inspection and supervision of inbound remanufacturing. It has played a leading role in the development of my country's remanufacturing industry.

　　 One is to improve the relevant laws and regulations of the remanufacturing industry. As an emerging business, the remanufacturing industry needs to have more policies and regulations. It can learn from some international practices, strictly control products, actively support policies, and give play to the latecomer advantages of my country's remanufacturing industry.

　　 The second is strict supervision and inspection. The author once inspected some domestic inbound repair and remanufacturing enterprises, and found that some enterprises have loose management and lack industry benchmarks. Such enterprises z* eventually only become imported old mechanical and electrical repair enterprises, and the repaired products z* are ultimately old mechanical and electrical. It is not a remanufactured product of a new machine. What's more, under the banner of remanufacturing, certain companies enjoy relevant policy preferences and subsidies, but the product quality is not guaranteed. At the same time, low prices impact existing domestic industries and have a negative impact on industrial development. As a supervisory authority, the inspection and quarantine authority approved by the inspection and quarantine department to enter the maintenance and remanufacturing enterprise products for domestic sale, should raise the level of supervision and inspection, and fail to meet the remanufacturing standards is equivalent to the import of old machinery and electronics, should be rejected.

　　 The third is to encourage the remanufacturing business of this brand. To give a simple example, if Mercedes-Benz has remanufactured vehicles for sale, are consumers willing to buy remanufactured vehicles produced by Mercedes-Benz itself, or are they willing to choose Mercedes-Benz remanufactured vehicles produced by other companies that are not authorized by Mercedes-Benz? I believe most people will choose the former, because the remanufacturing of this brand not only has no intellectual property disputes, but also has a more complete product technology system, guaranteed quality, and more standardized after-sales service. Therefore, the author proposes to introduce more preferential measures to encourage the remanufacturing of this brand, and develop the market in depth, which will play a positive role in regulating inbound remanufacturing.

　　 Remanufacturing is a new business format, a model of circular economy, and it plays an important role in my country's current economic development and supply-side reforms. In particular, the starting point for inbound remanufacturing is relatively high and should become the benchmark for the development of my country's remanufacturing industry. Inspection and quarantine departments need to further strengthen the supervision of remanufacturing enterprises, and gradually improve industry management by emphasizing brand and after-sales service, so as to play a greater role in promoting the sustained and healthy development of the national economy.