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Condenser-overview

Condenser overview 　　Condenser (Condenser), which is a part of the refrigeration system, is a type of heat exchanger. It can convert gas or vapor into liquid, and transfer the heat in the pipe to the air near the pipe in a fast way. The working process of the condenser is an exothermic process, so the condenser temperature is higher. Power plants use many condensers to condense the steam discharged from the turbine. In refrigeration plants, condensers are used to condense refrigeration vapors such as ammonia and freon. In the petrochemical industry, condensers are used to condense hydrocarbons and other chemical vapors. During the distillation process, the device that transforms the vapor into a liquid state is also called a condenser. All condensers operate to remove the heat of gas or vapor. 　　Overview of evaporator 　　The evaporator is a very important part of the four major parts of refrigeration. The low-temperature condensed liquid passes through the evaporator, exchanges heat with the outside air, vaporizes and absorbs heat, and achieves the effect of refrigeration. The evaporator is mainly composed of a heating chamber and an evaporation chamber. The heating chamber provides the heat required for evaporation to the liquid, which promotes the liquid to boil and vaporize; the evaporation chamber completely separates the gas-liquid two phases. 　　The steam generated in the heating chamber carries a lot of liquid foam. After reaching the evaporation chamber in a larger space, these liquids can be separated from the steam by their own condensation or demister. Usually the demister is located at the top of the evaporation chamber. 　　Evaporator is divided into normal pressure, pressurized and depressurized according to operating pressure. According to the movement status of the solution in the evaporator: ① circulation type. The boiling solution passes through the heating surface many times in the heating chamber, such as central circulation tube type, hanging basket type, external heating type, Levin type and forced circulation type. ② One-way type. The boiling solution passes through the heating surface once in the heating chamber without circulating flow, that is, the concentrated liquid is discharged, such as rising film type, falling film type, stirred film type and centrifugal film type. ③Direct contact type. The heating medium directly contacts the solution to transfer heat, such as submerged combustion evaporator. During the operation of the evaporation device, a large amount of heating steam is consumed. To save heating steam, a multi-effect evaporation device and a steam recompression evaporator can be used. The evaporator is widely used in chemical industry, light industry and other departments. Evaporator vaporizer used in medicine, volatile inhalation anesthetics are liquid at room temperature. The evaporator can effectively evaporate the volatile anesthetic liquid into gas, and can accurately adjust the concentration of the anesthetic vapor output. The evaporation of anesthetics requires heat, and the temperature around the evaporator is the main factor that determines the evaporation rate of volatile anesthetics. Contemporary anesthesia machines widely use a temperature-flow compensation evaporator, that is, when the temperature or fresh gas flow changes, the automatic compensation mechanism can be used to keep the evaporation rate of volatile inhaled anesthetics constant, thus ensuring that the inhaled anesthetics leave the evaporator The output concentration is stable. Due to different physical characteristics such as boiling point and saturated vapor pressure of different volatile inhalation anesthetics, the evaporator has drug specificity, such as enflurane evaporator, isoflurane evaporator, etc., which are not mutually compatible. The evaporator of the modern anesthesia machine is usually placed outside the anesthesia breathing circuit, and a separate oxygen gas flow is connected to it. The evaporated inhalation anesthetic drug vapor is mixed with the main gas flow before being inhaled by the patient. The difference between condenser and evaporator What are the differences between the condenser and the evaporator? First of all, both the condenser and the evaporator belong to the heat exchange equipment, but the condenser is the heat-dissipating component, and the evaporator is the heat-absorbing component. Both are essential parts in the refrigeration equipment. Let's take a look at the difference between condenser and evaporator. 　　Condenser and evaporator are heat exchangers. The so-called heat exchange is a device that transfers heat between two or more fluids with different temperatures, so it is also called a heat exchange device. Therefore, although the structural forms of the condenser and the evaporator are diverse, the working principle is the same. Both are devices that exchange heat with the external medium flowing through the surface of the container through the refrigerant, that is, they are all heat exchangers. Condenser and evaporator are also the same in the factors that affect heat transfer. The heat transfer is related to the heat exchange area, heat transfer temperature difference, and heat transfer coefficient. The working form of the condenser and the evaporator are different. The condenser cools and liquefies the medium and releases heat; the evaporator absorbs heat and vaporizes the medium and absorbs the external heat, that is, the refrigerant changes from gaseous state to liquid state. It is a process of condensation and heat release, and its internal pressure is generally very high; while the refrigerant of the evaporator changes from liquid to gaseous state, it is an evaporation heat absorption process, and its internal pressure is generally low. 　　Condenser is one of the main heat exchange equipment in refrigeration equipment. Its function is to cool and condense the superheated steam of the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerator to a refrigerant liquid, and release heat in the cooling medium. Commonly used cooling media are: water and air. 　　Evaporator is the equipment used for heat exchange between refrigerant and low temperature heat source in refrigeration system, and also one of the main heat exchange equipment in refrigeration equipment. In the evaporator, the refrigerant liquid is vaporized at low pressure and low temperature to absorb the heat of the cooled medium, and becomes the refrigerant dry saturated gas or superheated steam at low temperature and low pressure, thereby generating and outputting cooling capacity in the refrigeration system. The evaporator is located between the throttle valve and the return air main pipe of the refrigerator or between the liquid supply and the return air pipe of the vapor-liquid separation equipment, and is installed in a cold room or place that needs to be cooled or frozen. 　　Evaporator and condenser are important parts of refrigeration equipment. Relying on the endothermic/exothermic reaction of these two components, the refrigeration equipment can work normally. 　　Evaporator as a heat-absorbing component, using liquid low-temperature refrigerant volatile characteristics at low pressure, transforms into steam and absorbs the heat of the cooled medium, to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. Divided in structure, it can be divided into box type, tube type, plate type and other different types. 　　Condenser as a heat release component, can convert the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and then radiate heat to the outside world. It absorbs and discharges with the evaporator, thereby achieving heat conservation. From the structural point of view, it can be divided into different types such as shell and tube type, casing type, plate type, and water spray type.

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