The NCP431/NCP432 integrated circuits are three−terminal programmable shunt regulator diodes. These monolithic IC voltage references operate as a low temperature coefficient zener which is programmable from Vref to 36 V using two external resistors. These devices exhibit a wide operating current range of 40 A to 100 mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22 . The characteristics of these references make them excellent replacements for zener diodes in many applications such as digital voltmeters, power supplies, and op amp circuitry. The 2.5 V reference makes it convenient to obtain a stable reference from 5.0 V logic supplies, and since the NCP431/ NCP432 operates as a shunt regulator, it can be used as either a positive or negative voltage reference. Low minimum operating current makes this device an ideal choice for secondary regulators in SMPS adapters with extremely low no−load consumption.