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    An accident analysis of refrigeration compressor

    An accident analysis of refrigeration compressor A major refrigerator damage accident occurred in the refrigeration workshop of a meat joint processing plant. The refrigeration workshop of the factory was equipped with 2 single-stage two-stage ammonia refrigeration compressors S8-12.5 (delivered in 1993). According to the operator's introduction, the fault phenomenon is: the secondary exhaust temperature of the compressor is too high, exceeding 160℃. The operator stopped the machine and disassembled it for inspection. No abnormalities were found. After the piston and cylinder liner were replaced, the operation was started. A few minutes caused the top of the piston to break, and the exhaust temperature was still very high. Stopped again to check and clean, replaced the piston, started to run for about an hour, suddenly heard the crank box knocking sound, immediately stopped, disassembled and found that the compressor cylinder head was broken, the cooling water jacket leaked; piston, cylinder sleeve, suction, discharge The valve seat and connecting rod are damaged, and the crankshaft and bearing bush are locked. The more serious thing is that the bolt hole of the fixed cylinder liner of the compressor body is drawn into a gap, resulting in a major accident that the machine body can not be used, causing the whole plant to stop production. After the accident, the author was invited to participate in solving the problem. According to the operator description, the accident analysis is as follows: The reasons for the high temperature of the compressor discharge are: (1)The clearance in the compressor cylinder is too large; (2) The suction and exhaust valves and piston rings of the compressor are damaged; (3) The compressor safety bypass valve leaks; (4) The compressor suction temperature is too high; (5) The lubricating oil in the compressor cylinder is interrupted; (6) The suction pressure of the compressor is too low or the suction valve is too small; (7) The suction pipe or filter of the compressor is blocked, and the insulation layer Damaged; (8) Excessive resistance in the return air pipeline of the compressor, slow gas flow rate is easy to cause overheating, resulting in an increase in exhaust temperature; (9) Condensing pressure is too high; there is oil or scale in the condenser; (10) The amount of water in the cooling jacket of the compressor cylinder head is insufficient; or the temperature of the cooling water is too high; (11) The cooling capacity of the compressor is less than the capacity of the warehouse equipment, such as the evaporation area is too large; (12) The resistance in the compressor exhaust pipe is too large; 13) The opening degree of the throttle valve is too large or blocked; (14) The efficiency of the compressor itself is poor; (15) The installation height of the ammonia separator is too low. (2)After the above analysis, the (1)(2) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) and other articles were excluded according to the site conditions, only the (5), the operator Not checked. After checking the crankshaft, it was found that the crankshaft was an old crankshaft that was originally repaired. As a result, the position where the shaft was held was worn out and repaired by a stacking method. After repair, it was used for three months before the accident. At the site, it was found that the accumulation layer at the original repair position had fallen off, and the falling objects blocked the oil holes on the bearing bush, which caused the lack of lubrication in the piston part. The operator only checked the piston part in the previous inspection, and did not seriously check the connecting rod, crankshaft and bearing bush , Thus causing such great damage. What is even more terrible is that the operators of the team do not have the operation qualification certificate of refrigeration equipment. Solution: In addition to the motor, replace the entire compressor. Through this accident, we should draw a good lesson. In future work, we must strictly implement the system of operating personnel with certificates. While strengthening management, companies should seriously implement the planned maintenance system for equipment and the operation management system of equipment to make the accident The prevention of the occurrence and the future.

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