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    Why is the refrigeration compressor damaged, how to prevent it from the source

    Why is the refrigeration compressor damaged, how to prevent it from the source Are you clear The scroll compressor is a volumetric compression compressor, and the compression component is composed of a movable scroll and a static scroll. Its working principle is to use the relative orbital motion of the movable and static scrolls to form a continuous change in the enclosed volume to achieve the purpose of compressing gas. It is mainly used for air conditioning, refrigeration, general gas compression, and for automobile engine superchargers and vacuum pumps. It can replace traditional medium and small reciprocating compressors in a large range. The core problem of compressor operation-refrigeration oil and refrigerant: Refrigerating oil: lubricating and sealing, oil shortage / oil deterioration will lead to wear and high temperature, which will lead to increased motor load, stuck cylinder, holding shaft, etc. Refrigerant: The working fluid for cold transmission, which also plays a cooling role. Lack of refrigerant will lead to high temperature caused by insufficient cooling of the motor, and the oil may be deteriorated at high temperatures and cause wear; the liquid shock of the refrigerant may cause the scroll disk to break. Compressor damage causes and preventive methods 1. Lack of oil and insufficient lubrication Performance failure phenomenon: § Built-in protection of compressor; § Exhaust or top temperature protection; § Overcurrent protection; § Power circuit breaker tripping; § Abnormal sound of compressor operation; § The temperature of the compressor cavity is too high; Failure analysis: The compressor starts and stops frequently: when static, oil and refrigerant are deposited in the cavity of the press. When starting, the oil is discharged from the compressor together with the refrigerant. The operation time is short and the machine stops, and the oil cannot return to the compressor in time. Repeatedly, the compressor eventually burned out due to lack of oil. The system contains air or moisture: when the compressor is operated at high temperature and pressure for a long time, the lubricating oil begins to acidify and heat and eventually turns into a gel-like substance, causing the compressor to freeze. System liquid return or refrigerant migration: It may dilute the lubricating oil, which is not conducive to the formation of oil film, resulting in insufficient lubrication. System refrigerant leakage: It may cause lubricant leakage, which makes the compressor lubricant too little. The compressor reverses (such as wrong phase sequence): makes the internal pressure difference of the compressor unable to be established, resulting in the failure of the lubricant to be delivered to each friction surface. Impurities entering the system: Impurities entering scrolls, crankcases and other moving parts can cause wear and tear, which can cause high temperatures to cause oil deterioration. Decreased lubricating effects cause wear and tear to deteriorate and eventually the compressor burns out. 2. Compressor liquid blow Performance failure phenomenon: § The vortex disk is broken, and the debris scratches the insulation layer of the motor coil. Current protection or compressor built-in protection may occur; § The compressor can run, but there is no return air temperature difference and high and low pressure difference, and the current is small; § The compressor running sound is abnormal, or the compressor shaft is stuck, and the current protection or air-break trip occurs as soon as it is turned on. Failure analysis: Incomplete refrigerant evaporation: The common causes are internal fan not rotating, small air volume, clogged air duct, dirty filter or heat exchanger, etc. No unified power supply: The electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit that is suddenly powered off still maintains a certain opening, but the fan does not run, and a large amount of refrigerant returns directly to the compressor without evaporation. ▲ The liquid hammer is extremely destructive, the scroll will be broken in a short time, the compression cavity will be destroyed, and the debris may scratch the motor insulation layer and cause a short circuit Excessive addition of refrigerant: leading to a large amount of liquid return to the system (low-temperature low-load cooling and low-temperature heating are more likely to occur) Too much oil addition: lead to system oil blows (rarely occur): For high-pressure chamber compressors, too much lubricating oil will increase the motor's rotational resistance, increase the input power, and make the motor's heat dissipation worse; affect the motor life. 3. Compressor burned at high temperature Performance failure phenomenon: § The exhaust or top temperature is too high; § The temperature of the press cavity is too high; § High voltage protection (when the system is blocked); § Current protection or open circuit trip. Failure analysis: Too little refrigerant addition or refrigerant leakage: the exhaust gas temperature is too high. Refrigerating oil problem: Refrigerating oil leakage or quality problem of refrigerating oil. Dirty blockage or ice blockage of the system (ice blockage mainly refers to the return air pipe): the exhaust or top temperature is too high. The vacuum of the system is not enough: the compressor compresses the air, the pressure ratio is too large, and the temperature is too high. The operating environment of the system is bad: the air duct is blocked, the return air is bad, the heat exchanger is dirty, etc., resulting in high condensing pressure and the exhaust temperature continues to rise. The connection piping is too long or the pipe diameter is small: the system resistance increases, resulting in an increase in exhaust temperature and pressure. 4. Analysis of the cause of compressor burnout Performance failure phenomenon: § Short circuit and open circuit; § Frequent suction / burning of contactors; § Overcurrent protection; § Built-in compressor protection, power switch tripping; § After the compressor cavity temperature is too high, the motor burns out, masking some phenomena or direct causes that lead to burnout, making post-event analysis and cause investigation more difficult; Failure analysis: Abnormal wear of the compressor caused by various reasons: it is possible that the worn metal scraps will damage the insulation layer of the coil and burn the motor. Burning or abnormality of the contactor's contact: If the phase is missing, the phase deviation will directly affect the compressor motor. Power supply phase loss or voltage abnormality: the range of power supply voltage cannot exceed ± 10% of the rated voltage, and the voltage unbalance rate between three phases (380V) cannot exceed 3%; when the voltage is unbalanced, the load current is 4-10 during normal operation Times. Insufficient motor cooling: When a large amount of refrigerant leaks or the evaporating pressure is too low, the system mass flow will be reduced, which prevents the motor from getting good cooling, and frequent protection will occur after the motor overheats. 4. Avoid burning the compressor from the source Before installation, the copper pipe should be dust-proof and waterproof: avoid impurities and moisture from entering the refrigerant pipeline and compressor. Use special tools to cut copper pipes (cutting knives): Avoid cutting copper pipes with hacksaws or other tools into copper pipes. Nitrogen protection is used for pipeline welding: avoid welding slag and oxide scale entering the refrigerant pipeline. 4. Avoid burning the compressor from the source Before installation, the copper pipe should be dust-proof and waterproof: avoid impurities and moisture from entering the refrigerant pipeline and compressor. Use special tools to cut copper pipes (cutting knives): Avoid cutting copper pipes with hacksaws or other tools into copper pipes. Nitrogen protection is used for pipeline welding: avoid welding slag and oxide scale entering the refrigerant pipeline. Uniform power supply for indoor units of the same system: To prevent some internal units from being directly powered off and causing refrigerant liquid shock. The multi-line indoor unit must not be used as an air conditioner in the computer room: to avoid the compressor running out of oil for a long period of low load operation or frequent start and stop. The size of the grille of the indoor unit is matched, and the filter screen is cleaned regularly: to avoid the air volume being reduced due to the small grid size or improper installation, or the filter is too dirty, the air volume is reduced, and the refrigerant evaporation is not complete. Calculate the additional amount of refrigerant according to the standard, and add it using an electronic scale: to avoid liquid shock or excessively high refrigerant temperature caused by too much or too little refrigerant. Pay attention to the power supply voltage of the air conditioning system and standardize the power supply wiring: avoid the large current of the compressor due to the unstable power supply voltage, unbalanced three-phase voltage, and lack of equality. The branch pipes of the outdoor units connected in parallel should be placed horizontally: avoid uneven distribution of refrigerant and oil between the outdoor unit modules, so that the amount of refrigerant / oil in some outdoor units is too large or too small.

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