Correct disposal method after leakage of ammonia refrigeration system

Correct disposal method after leakage of ammonia refrigeration system

1. Treatment method of ammonia leakage accident in ammonia compressor

1. After an ammonia leakage accident occurs in the ammonia compressor, first cut off the compressor power supply and immediately close the exhaust valve and suction valve (two-stage ammonia compressor should close the two-stage exhaust valve and the two-stage suction valve at the same time) if you are refueling , The fueling valve should be closed in time.

　　2. All the machines running in the machine room should be stopped. When the operator finds that the compressor is leaking ammonia, stop immediately and according to his position, turn off the nearby machines when the accident machine is turned off.

　　3. If the ammonia leakage accident is serious and it is impossible to get close to the accident machine, the machine should be shut down outdoors, and immediately close all the inlet valves of the oil-ammonia separator and the low-pressure barrel outlet valve connected to the suction of the accident machine.

　　 4. Quickly turn on all emergency exhaust fans in the ammonia compressor room.

　　 5. When dealing with the accident, spray the leaking ammonia part with a water pipe to dissolve the ammonia and water. Pay attention to the waterproof protection of the compressor motor.

　　 2. Treatment method for ammonia leakage accident of pressure vessel

To deal with such accidents, the principle is that takes control first to prevent the accident from expanding, and then take measures to disconnect the accident container from the system, close all valves of the equipment, and close the connection with the equipment when the ammonia leakage is serious and cannot be close to the equipment. For other equipment valves in collusion, use water to pour the leaking ammonia area, and the ammonia in the container should be emptied in time. This type of equipment includes: oil-ammonia separator, condenser, high-pressure storage tank, intercooler, drain tank, oil collector, air release, low-pressure storage tank, etc.

　　 (1) Ammonia leakage from the oil-ammonia separator

After the oil-ammonia separator leaks ammonia, if the compressor is running, the compressor should be cut off immediately, and the outlet valve, inlet valve, liquid supply valve, drain valve, and condenser inlet of the oil separator should be quickly closed. Valve, the exhaust valve from the compressor to the oil-ammonia separator.

　　 (2) Ammonia leakage in the condenser (vertical, horizontal, evaporative condenser)

After the condenser leaks ammonia, if the compressor is in operation, the compressor should be cut off immediately, and all the high-pressure barrel pressure equalizing valves and all other condenser equalizing and venting valves should be quickly closed, and then the condenser inlet valve, Outlet valve. The accident condenser can be decompressed when the process permits.

　　 (3) Ammonia leakage from high-pressure storage tanks

　　 After the high-pressure storage tank leaks ammonia, immediately close the inlet valve, equalizing valve, outlet valve, drain valve and other related valves of the high-pressure storage tank. If the ammonia compressor is in operation, quickly cut off the compressor power supply, and when conditions and environment permit, immediately open the valve associated with the low-pressure container to decompress and drain, and minimize the loss of ammonia leakage. When the high-pressure storage tank When the pressure is consistent with the low pressure, the decompression drain valve should be closed in time.

　　(4) Ammonia leakage from the intercooler

After the intercooler leaks ammonia, when the compressor is in operation, the power of the compressor should be cut off immediately, the first-stage exhaust valve, the second-stage suction valve of the compressor and the valves communicating with other equipment should be closed, and the drain valve should be opened at the same time. Drain the fluid and depressurize the oil.

　　(5) Ammonia leakage in low pressure storage tank

After the low-pressure storage tank leaks ammonia, when the system compressor is in operation, the compressor should be cut off immediately, the compressor suction valve should be closed, and the inlet, outlet, liquid equalization, oil discharge and other related aspects of the low-pressure storage tank should be closed at the same time Valves, open the inlet and outlet valves of the ammonia pump and the ammonia pump to deliver the ammonia in the low-pressure storage tank to the warehouse evaporator. When there is no liquid in the low-pressure storage tank, close the ammonia pump inlet valve.

　　(6) Ammonia leaking from the drain bucket

　　 When the drain tank leaks ammonia (during frosting, pressurization, draining, and oil draining), immediately close all valves connected to other equipment in the drain tank, and deal with it according to the level of the drain tank. If the amount of liquid is small, open the pressure reducing valve to reduce pressure; if the amount of liquid is large, empty the liquid in the barrel as soon as possible to reduce the amount of ammonia leakage.

　　(7) Ammonia leakage from the oil collector

　　 When the oil collector leaks ammonia, or in the process of oil draining, the oil inlet and pressure reducing valve of the oil collector should be closed immediately.

　　 (8) Ammonia leakage from the air vent

　　 If the air release device leaks ammonia, the mixed gas inlet valve, liquid supply valve, return valve and evaporation return valve should be closed immediately.

　　(9) The equipment glass tube is broken, the oil level indicator leaks ammonia

　　 When the glass tube of the equipment breaks and the oil level indicator leaks ammonia, when the upper and lower marbles fail, the marble angle valves on the upper and lower sides of the indicator should be closed immediately to control the large amount of ammonia leakage as soon as possible.

　　（十）Ammonia bottle leaks ammonia

　　Ammonia cylinders are mobile pressure vessels. The ammonia cylinders must be inspected regularly every two years and should be scrapped after 12 years of use. If the bottle wall is found to have cracks, severe corrosion, depression, bulging, deformation and other defects, and it has not been inspected regularly, it should be prohibited to use. If ammonia leaks in the process of adding ammonia, immediately close the ammonia bottle outlet valve and the ammonia filling valve of the ammonia filling station, pour the leaking ammonia with water, and quickly push the ammonia bottle away from the ammonia filling site.

　　 Three, evaporator leakage ammonia disposal method

The ammonia leakage in the evaporator in the warehouse includes air coolers, wall pipes, top pipes, etc. The treatment principle: immediately close the evaporator liquid supply valve, return valve, hot ammonia valve, drain valve, and timely remove the ammonia in the evaporator Liquid drain.

　　 During the frosting process, immediately close the frosting hot ammonia valve, close the drain valve, and open the return valve to reduce pressure. If the warehouse is cooling down, the evaporator liquid supply valve and the ammonia pump system should be shut down immediately.

　　 Determine the location of the ammonia leakage, which can be temporarily treated, and the pipe clamp can be tightened to reduce the amount of ammonia leakage. And open the exhaust fan for forced ventilation to minimize the ammonia concentration in the warehouse.

　　Remove the ammonia in the evaporator. When conditions and environment permit, you can take the appropriate pressure and use the method of hot ammonia defrost to drain the ammonia in the evaporator back to the drain bucket to reduce the loss of ammonia and air pollution in the warehouse.

　　 Fourth, valve leakage ammonia disposal method

　　 After discovering that the ammonia valve leaks ammonia, the control valves on both sides of the accident valve should be closed quickly, and the leakage plugging device should be used to stop the leakage.

　　 If the valve on the container leaks ammonia, the valve near z* in front of the leak valve should be closed, and the liquid inlet and air inlet valves of the container should be closed. When conditions and environment permit, the relevant valves should be opened quickly, and pressure-reduced discharge to the low-pressure system should be performed.

　　 When dealing with a leakage accident, the exhaust fan should be turned on for ventilation.

　　 5. Disposal of ammonia leakage from pipeline

　　 If ammonia leakage is found in the pipeline, the control valves on both sides of the accident pipeline should be quickly closed to cut off the source of ammonia liquid. And take the method of temporary pipe clamp to seal the leaks and cracks, and then evacuate the accident site.

　　 VI. Disposal of ammonia leakage from ammonia refueling device (ammonia refueling station)

　　 During the ammonia addition process, the ammonia addition device leaks ammonia, the valve near of the ammonia addition device and the outlet valve of the ammonia bottle should be closed quickly.

　　 Seven. Ammonia discharge disposal method when dealing with ammonia leakage accident

　　 If the container equipment leaks ammonia, if there is a lot of ammonia in the container, the ammonia in the container must be discharged into other containers or discharged. The discharge of ammonia liquid is divided into discharge within the system and discharge outside the system.

　　 Discharge into the system: Generally, the oil discharge pipe and liquid discharge pipe of the equipment should be used for discharge, and the ammonia liquid of the leaking ammonia container should be discharged to other containers with lower pressure.

　　 Discharge to the outside of the system. Under special circumstances, in order to reduce the leakage of ammonia from accident equipment and avoid casualties, the ammonia is put into the pool through the tandem equipment drain pipe and pressure-resistant rubber hose to ensure safety. When discharging ammonia liquid or ammonia gas to the outside, be careful not to open the valve too big or too hard to prevent the hose connection from falling off and causing accidents.