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Disassembly and maintenance of industrial screw refrigeration compressor

Disassembly and maintenance of industrial screw refrigeration compressor 1. Working principle, movement and movement characteristics of screw refrigeration compressor Screw refrigeration compression belongs to volumetric refrigeration compressor. It uses a pair of interlocking male and female rotors placed in the cylinder to make a rotary motion in the body, periodically changing the volume of each pair of tooth slots of the rotor to complete the suction and compression 3. Exhaust three processes. 　　 (1) Inhalation process 　　When the rotor rotates, the cogging volume gradually expands as the rotor rotates, and communicates with the suction port. The gas from the evaporation system enters the cogging volume through the orifice for the gas suction process. After the rotor rotates to a certain angle, the volume between the teeth crosses the position of the suction orifice and is disconnected from the suction orifice, and the suction process ends. 　　 (2) Compression process When the rotor continues to rotate, the gas in the tooth groove closed by the body, the suction end seat and the exhaust end seat is pressed toward the exhaust end due to the mutual engagement of the female and male rotors and the mutual filling of the teeth, and the pressure Gradually increase the compression process. 　　 (3) Exhaust process 　　When the rotor rotates so that the cogging space communicates with the exhaust port on the exhaust end seat, the gas is pressed out and discharged from the exhaust flange port to complete the exhaust process. Because the above three processes must occur in the working cycle of each cog slot, when the compressor is running at a high speed, several pairs of cog slots' working volume repeat the suction, compression and exhaust cycles, so that the compressor The gas is continuous and stable. Second, the basic composition and characteristics of screw refrigeration compressors 　　 Screw refrigeration compressor is an open type twin screw compressor. A pair of intermeshing helical rotors that rotate in reverse according to a certain transmission ratio are horizontally and parallelly arranged inside the body. The rotor with convex teeth is a male rotor, usually it is connected to the prime mover, and power is input from this. A rotor with concave teeth is called a yin. At both ends of the female and male rotors (suction end and exhaust end), there is a roller bearing to bear the radial force. At the exhaust end of the two rotors, there is a four-point bearing, which bears the axial thrust. The balance piston located at the tail end of the suction end of the male rotor acts to balance the axial force and reduce the load on the four-point bearing. In the lower part of the male and female rotors, there is an energy adjustment slide valve driven by the oil piston in the oil cylinder, which is controlled by the electromagnetic (or manual) reversing valve, and can realize the stepless adjustment of the cooling capacity in the range of 15%-100% And can ensure that the compressor is started at a low position to achieve a small starting torque. The working position of the slide valve can be converted into an energy percentage by the energy sensing mechanism and displayed on the control panel of the unit. In order to make the screw compressor's external pressure ratio equal to or close to the internal pressure ratio of the machine during operation, and minimize the power consumption of the machine, an internal volume ratio adjustment spool valve is provided inside the compressor, and the solenoid (or manual) reversing valve controls the cylinder The flow of oil pushes the oil piston to drive the internal volume ratio slide valve, and its working position is converted into an internal pressure ratio by the internal volume ratio measuring mechanism and displayed on the control panel of the unit. 3. Disassembly, assembly and maintenance of the compressor 　I. Disassembly　 When the compressor needs to be overhauled, first close the suction and exhaust check valves to remove the refrigerant from the vent valve on the oil separator, or you can collect the freon from the bottom joint of the evaporator through the fluorine collector to the empty cylinder . Remove the coupling, then remove the oil pipe connected to the compressor, the compressor foot plate bolts and the compressor suction and exhaust port connection bolts, take out the suction filter, and hang the compressor on the maintenance platform with the eye screw. 　　 Compressor disassembly steps are as follows: 　　 1. Disassembly content volume ratio measuring mechanism: 　　 (1), remove the protective cover and gasket. 　　 (2). Remove the potentiometer base and potentiometer. 　　 (3). Remove the fastening sleeve at the end of the displacement transmission rod, remove the sealing seat, and then take out the displacement transmission rod. 　　 2. Disassembling the energy measuring mechanism (when the component is not faulty, it can be removed as a whole). 1. Remove the protective cover and gasket. 　　 2. Remove the potentiometer base plate, potentiometer, elastic coupling, remove the cylinder gland and screw rod. 　　 3. Remove the gland of the male and female rotor holes on the exhaust end seat. When removing the screws on the gland, for safety reasons, you can unscrew any two basically symmetrical screws only 5-6mm, and then remove the remaining screws. After the sealing surface of the gland is basically separated from the exhaust end seat, the Screws, remove the gland and disc spring. 　　 4. Take out the shaft seal seat on the male rotor side, the shaft seal and the bearing compression sleeve on the female rotor side. 　　 5. Unscrew the round nut on the male and female rotors with a special tool, and use a special hook to raise the four-point bearing and the inner and outer adjustment rings. 6. Hook the eye bolts on the exhaust end seat tightly with a hook, remove the connecting screw between the exhaust end seat and the machine body, and use 4 bolts to screw into the 4 screw holes on the flange face of the exhaust end seat, parallel The exhaust end seat is lifted off the two cylindrical pins, and the exhaust end seat, the outer ring of the roller bearing and the roller are smoothly moved out together. In this process, we must pay attention to prevent the inner hole of the exhaust end seat and the rotor from hurting each other. 7. Use 0.1-0.3mpa pressure gas to take over the sc 2 port on the cylinder, blow the energy oil piston to the end of the cylinder, and loosen the round nut used to fix the energy oil piston (note that only the round nut can be loosened and not Unscrew, and pay attention to maintaining the pressure in the cylinder during this process). Relieve the pressure in the oil cylinder, and when the energy oil piston retracts into the oil cylinder and clings to the partition, unscrew the round nut in front of the energy oil piston and take out the energy oil piston. Remove the connecting screw between the oil cylinder and the suction end seat, screw the bolt into the jacking hole on the flange of the oil cylinder, jack up the oil cylinder in parallel to disengage the two cylindrical pins, and move it out smoothly. 　　 8. Use a special wrench to remove the round nut that fixes the internal volume ratio oil piston, and remove the internal volume ratio oil piston. 　　 9. Take out the sealing caps of the female and male rotors in the suction end seat, take out the balancing piston sleeve and balancing piston. 　　10. Stand the suction end of the compressor upright and hang out the rotors in a stable manner. 　　 11. Disassemble the connecting screw and positioning pin of the suction end seat and the machine body, use two lifting rings to symmetrically screw into the screw holes on the machine body, and lift the machine body. At this time, the disassembly is completed, only the spool valve bracket is left on the body, the energy spool valve and the spool valve guide rod are still integrated, generally no need to disassemble, and the separator in the oil cylinder is not disassembled. 　　 12. If the roller bearing needs to be replaced, remove the bearing inner ring on both rotors and the bearing outer ring in the suction and exhaust end seats. 　　 (2) Inspection 　　 1. Check the rotor hole and spool hole of the machine body, spool valve surface, rotor surface and both end surfaces, as well as the suction and exhaust end seats for signs of friction. 　　 2. Measure the dimensions of the rotor and spool hole, rotor outer circle, and outer circle of the spool (take the upper, middle, and lower three places) and make records. 　　 3. Check the condition of roller bearings, four-point bearings and disc springs. 　　 4. Check the dynamic condition of the shaft seal, the friction of the static ring and the "0" seal ring on the dynamic ring. 　　 5. Check the seals and all "0" rings. 　　 (3) Repair 1. When the rotor surface of the machine body and the inner surface of the spool valve hole, the surface of the spool valve, the rotor surface and both ends, as well as the suction and exhaust end seats have less serious wear and brushing, they can be polished with emery cloth or whetstone. Can be polished on the machine. 　　 2. When the wear of the machine body and the rotor is too large, it needs to be replaced or configured separately according to the actual situation. 　　 3. If the bearing is too worn or damaged, it should be replaced. Note that the cage of the new bearing should be resistant to ammonia or fluorine and the model should be the same as the original bearing. 　　 4. If the sealing surfaces of the moving ring and the static ring are scratched, burned, or brushed, they should be reground. The "0"-shaped sealing ring should be replaced when it is deformed, damaged or aged. 　　 5. If the gap between the rotor and the exhaust end surface exceeds a given value, it can be adjusted by the adjusting rings 20 and 21. 　　 (4) Assembly 　　The assembly steps are reversed when disassembling. Pay attention to: 　　 1. All parts should be thoroughly cleaned before assembly, and the moving parts should be dried with silk cloth, the surface should be coated with clean refrigerator oil, and the rubber ring and sealing paper pad should be coated with yellow wax oil. 　　 2. Keep clean from beginning to end, and avoid metal chips, wood chips, cotton yarn falling into the machine. 　　 3. The plane seal of this machine and some joints are sealed with anaerobic sealant. After the machine is disassembled, a thin layer of glue should be scraped off the surface. When assembling, lay the sealing surface flat, and clean the surface with a cleaning agent without any oil stains. After the surface is dry, apply a thin layer of anaerobic adhesive on the sealing surface. After the anaerobic adhesive is dried, the machine can be turned over, otherwise, the unsolidified anaerobic adhesive will flow to the moving part of the machine and affect the operation.

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