Refrigerator compressor is hot and not cooling
Principle of refrigerator compressor circuit The process of extracting heat from objects below ambient temperature and transferring it to the ambient medium is called refrigeration. Since heat can only be transferred automatically from high-temperature objects to low-temperature objects, the realization of cooling must include a compensation process for energy consumption (such as electrical energy, mechanical energy, etc.). With the help of the refrigeration system, a certain amount of electrical energy is consumed, and the physical processes of heat absorption (liquid state→gaseous state) and heat release (gaseous state→liquid state) during the change of physical state are used to force the heat to transfer from low temperature objects (food in the freezer) to high temperature objects (indoor Air) to achieve the purpose of cooling.
The compressor sucks the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas into the cylinder, compresses it through the compressor, and turns it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas state, and discharges it into the condenser. In the condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exchanges with the lower temperature environment, and the temperature decreases It condenses into a liquid; the liquid is throttled by a capillary tube, the pressure is reduced, and then it enters the evaporator, absorbs heat and vaporizes in the evaporator, (the unvaporized temporarily stays in the liquid storage tube), and is sucked back to the compressor after vaporization and recompressed. Repeatedly and repeatedly, the temperature inside the cabinet is reduced. The whole refrigeration cycle process can be divided into 4 stages:
(1) The adiabatic compression compressor sucks the evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. At this time, the ideal state of the gas is full vaporization, no droplets, a little overheating, and the sudden compression of the compressor piston changes the mechanical work of the gas. For heat, it becomes a high temperature and high pressure gas. This compression process is very short, and the heat of the heated gas hardly passes to the outside, so this process is called adiabatic compression process.
(2) The isothermal compression compressor sends the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to the condenser to cool it until it is completely liquefied. During this time, the latent heat of condensation is released. During this process, only the gas-liquid state changes occur because the refrigerant temperature does not change. , It is called isothermal compression. At the end of the condenser, after all the refrigerant liquefies, the temperature drops to a certain degree, that is, supercooling. In this process, the heat absorbed by the refrigerant through the evaporator and the heat converted by the work of the compressor piston have all been released. At this time, the task of sending the heat of the low-temperature object to the high-temperature outside air has been completed.
(3) The adiabatic expansion liquid refrigerant is throttled in the capillary tube, causing the liquid pressure to drop sharply to the evaporating pressure. Although the temperature of the refrigerant drops sharply during this process, it cannot absorb the heat of the outside because of the extremely short time. Called adiabatic expansion.
(4) Absorb heat (latent heat of evaporation) until the liquid is completely vaporized. During this process, the temperature of the refrigerant is constant, so it is called isothermal expansion.
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