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Why does the compressor burn the motor? What caused the burn-in phenomenon? The summary of the reasons for motor burning can be divided into: load, power supply, motor insulation, and lack of equality.
1. Common causes of compressor motor burnout
1. Phase loss
Reason: Generally it is caused by the lack of power phase (one phase is not powered or the power supply voltage is insufficient) or the contact point of the contactor in the line is not closed, the wire connection point is disconnected, loose or the contact position is oxidized.
Features: One or two phases (level 4) in the winding are all black, the coil is damaged and symmetrical, and there are rules for missing phases.
2. Overload
Reason: Generally, the motor runs for a long time with overcurrent, overheating, frequent starting or braking, and the wiring error is also caused (triangle connection into star connection).
Features: The windings all turn black, the end bands change color and become brittle or even break.
3, turn-to-turn
Cause: The enameled wire is broken due to the motor manufacturing process, and moisture, acid, and other corrosive substances in the system will also cause such failures.
Features: The winding is partially burned out. Usually, the motor cavity is clean, and there is only one explosion point.
4. Alternate
Reason: The interphase paper is not put in place, or the interphase paper (tube) is damaged.
Features: The motor burned between two adjacent phases.
5. Ground Strike
Reason: The distance between the coil and the end cover base is not enough.
Features: Between the coil and the end cap or end cap, there are black marks on both places.
Second, the treatment method after the compressor burned out
(1) If the compressor has burnt out or has a mechanical failure or has been worn out, it will cause inevitable pollution of the refrigerant system. The situation is as follows (the system is odorous in the following cases, which will be known at a glance):
1. Residual refrigerating oil has been carbonized, contains acid, and dirt exists in the tube.
2. After the compressor is dismantled, the original system tube must be corroded with air, causing condensation effect, increasing the residual of water, and corroding the copper tube and the parts on the pipeline, which will cause fouling, which will affect the operation after the new compressor is replaced next time. Features.
3. Part of the worn copper, steel and alloy dirt powder must have flowed into the pipeline to block part of the thin tube pores.
(2) The result after directly replacing the new compressor without processing the system is as follows:
1. The vacuum can not be completely evacuated, and the vacuum pump is also easily damaged. After adding new refrigerant, the refrigerant only has the function of cleaning the system parts, and the pollution of the whole system still exists.
2. The new compressor and the refrigeration oil, the refrigerant is completely contaminated within 0.5-1 hours. After the refrigeration oil is not pure, it starts to destroy the original lubricating properties. Metal dirt powder entering the compressor may break through the motor insulation film and short-circuit, and then burned, resulting in increased friction between the shaft and the shaft sleeve or other running parts, and the mechanical bite.
3. After the refrigerant, oil, raw pollutants, and acidic substances are mixed, it will cause more acidic substances and water to increase. The phenomenon of copper plating begins, the mechanical gap decreases, and the friction increases and it becomes stuck.
4. If the original dryer is not replaced, the original water absorption and acidic substance will be released. Acidic substances will slowly erode the insulation film of the motor's enameled wire.
Under the above conditions, the new compressor will be completely burned out in about 1 month! !
Processing flow:
(1) How to deal with a host refrigerant system where the compressor has burnt out or malfunctions? The compressor is damaged, of course, it needs to be replaced, and it is very urgent, but before taking action to prepare materials and tools, you must do the following:
1. Whether the quality of the contactor, overloader and temperature control in the control box has gone wrong, it must be checked to make sure there is no problem.
2. Whether the various set values have changed, and analyze whether the compressor burned out due to the set value changes or wrong adjustment.
3. Check the abnormal condition on the refrigerant pipeline and correct it. Make sure the compressor is burned or stuck, or half burned.
4. Measure the insulation with a shaker and the coil resistance with a three-use meter. Talk with the relevant personnel of the customer for an overview of the causes and consequences, as a reference for judgment.
5. From the liquid pipe part, try to drain the refrigerant, observe the residue discharged from the refrigerant, smell its taste, and watch its color. (This article comes from the public number of the Encyclopedia of Warm and Warm, warm reminder: after the compressor burns, it is smelly and sour, and sometimes has a pungent spicy taste)
6. After removing the compressor, you must pour out a little freezing oil and observe its color to judge the situation. Before leaving the host, wrap the high and low pressure two pipes with tape or close the valve.
(2) After the above inspection work, there may be three compressor failure conditions:
Case 1: The compressor motor is not burned, the current is normal, and only the noise is large. (Mechanical problem), the processing method is as follows:
In this case, the oil is not odorous, only contaminated into powder gray, and sinks inside the compression, the pollution is not obvious in the system tube. Remove the original dryer, use nitrogen gas as much as possible, and blow out the high-pressure end pipeline from the high-pressure end, and the section blow-out liquid pipe, the low-pressure end parts, and now check whether the blown out is oil, dirt, or Moisture or other abnormalities and foreign objects.
After replacing the new compressor, install a new dryer, and add nitrogen pressure to 10KG for leak detection. When there is no leakage, the remaining nitrogen is discharged, and the high and low pressure ends are evacuated at the same time. The liquid refrigerant is added from the liquid pipe part, and it can be turned on for testing after reaching 70% ~ 80% of the refrigerant amount. (The compressor must be heated for 2 hours)
Case 2: The compressor motor is not burned, it can run, and the machine is good, but the current is large and overloaded, and it is easy to trip. The processing method is as follows.
In this case, the oil is slightly scorched and discolored, the system piping is still clean, but in the system where the metal surface has been acidified, the inner wall of the copper pipe becomes red. After replacing the new compressor, install a new dryer, and add a nitrogen pressure to 10K for leak detection, and the vacuum will be evacuated from the high and low pressure ends at the same time.
The liquid refrigerant is added from the liquid pipe part, and it can be turned on for testing only when the amount of refrigerant reaches 70% ~ 80%. The compressor must be heated for 2 hours.
Must pay attention to this situation. It is very likely that the original power supply stability and possible load of the equipment are too large, or the result of too frequent stop control. Refrigeration Encyclopedia recommends to solve these problems, the danger has always existed, or it cannot be completely solved.
Case 3: The compressor motor has been burnt out and cannot be operated. The mechanical quality is not known. The processing method is as follows:
Method 1: The most serious case is oil and refrigerant stinking, burning smell, spicy smell, oil blackening such as black ink, the tube is full of dirty black film, and there will be moisture. Dismantle the dryer and short-circuit this part as a copper pipe joint or temporary detachable joint. A chemical pump is used to pump the cleaning agent from the high-pressure pipe into the pipeline system for cleaning and circulating flow.
Note: The serious pollution situation after the compressor burns out, if necessary, the cleaning agent must be replaced and cleaned multiple times.
Method 2: Remove the dryer and blow through the entire pipeline with high-pressure nitrogen at a pressure of about 10KG. Replace the dryer with a new system to detect leaks in the whole system, and evacuate from both the high and low pressure ends.
The liquid refrigerant is added from the liquid pipe part, and it can be turned on for testing only when the amount of refrigerant reaches 70% ~ 80%. Run for about half an hour after starting, replace the dryer, and now check its dirtiness. The second new dryer must be operated for another 3 hours. Observe the results, and replace it if necessary until the system is completely clean. Finally, change the compressor refrigeration oil, and observe the original new oil situation for the first time.
Note: When replacing the dryer above, air should not enter the system again. In severe cases, the compressor must be disassembled again to change the oil, and all refrigerants should be released and replaced.
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