Control technology of air compressor dust removal equipment

Control technology of air compressor dust removal equipment

In industrial production, environmental pollution problems continue to exist, and industrial dust is more common among them. Industrial dust emissions, while causing air pollution, will also cause serious damage to human health. Effective prevention and control measures are required. The application of the dust collector system can effectively deal with industrial dust and achieve harmless emission. In order to further improve the function of the dust collector system and improve the purification and treatment effect of industrial dust, it is necessary to transform and upgrade the dust collector, and apply electric automation control technology to realize automatic operation and achieve better dust removal effect. In terms of environmental protection Has an important role.

　　1 The function and role of electric automatic control technology in the dust collector system

　　 With people’s increasing emphasis on ecological and environmental protection, the issue of energy-saving and environmental protection has become a major issue in the current industrial development. In the Guochen High School of many factories, a large amount of industrial waste gas and dust will be formed. If it is improperly handled and discharged into the air, it will cause air pollution problems such as smog. The dust collector is the main device for processing industrial waste gas. When the industrial waste gas passes through the dust collector system, the dust collector system can filter small particles of dust, ashes, and other pollutants to meet the relevant industrial standards. The application of electro-automatic control technology in the dust collector system can ensure that the dust collector maintains the best operating condition, which is beneficial to improve the dust removal effect and achieve the goal of energy saving. Therefore, in recent years, the application of the automatic control technology of incoming calls in the dust collector system has received widespread attention.

　　 The application of electric automatic control technology is mainly concentrated in three links:

(1) The filter link, the main control system filters out the dust in the waste;

(2) The ash discharge link, removes the dust filtered from the filter link from the dust collector;

(3) The dust removal link, the dust on the surface of the dust collector Clean up to avoid affecting the normal operation of the dust collector. The electronic automatic control technology has obvious effects in the above-mentioned applications, which can ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of the pulse valve and air compressor control, and improve the filter effect of the bag.

　　2 Dust collector system and its functions based on electric automatic control technology

　　2.1 Bag type

Take a steel company as an example. The company newly introduced a batch of dust removal equipment, using fume exhaust hoods and closed hoods to capture flue gas, using pulse bag dust removal system for dust removal, adopting dust collector overhead arrangement for dust collection, and using pulse spray The ash blowing and unloading valve and the ash conveying motor send the dust into the high-level ash storage bin, and finally the dust dump truck will take it far away. The plant is currently equipped with 7 sets of dust collectors, which can meet the demand for waste gas treatment. Among them, the working principle of the bag filter is to use wind power and resistance to capture the coarse particles of dust in the exhaust gas to realize the filtering function. After the exhaust gas enters the dust collector, it first hits the baffle plate. Before the gas flow enters the sink, the speed gradually slows down. Under the effect of inertia, the coarse particles of dust in the gas will fall directly into the ash hopper. In the ash hopper, air flows upward through the cloth bag, and the dust entrained in it will be left on the surface of the cloth bag, and the cleaned air will enter the cloth bag and be discharged from the air outlet. During this process, the accumulation of dust on the surface of the cloth bag gradually increases, which will increase the resistance of the cloth bag and affect the transmission of wind power. For this, it is necessary to control the resistance within the allowable range, and carry out bag cleaning in time. During the ash cleaning process, the PLC system will periodically send out the control valves and open them in sequence, using compressed air to blow off the dust on the surface of the cloth bag and make it fall into the ash bucket.

　　2.2 Low pressure pulse type

　　 Low-pressure pulse-type bag filter is the most widely used and the most efficient dust collector. It has two working modes: on-line pulse cleaning and off-line pulse cleaning, and it is more flexible in application. Under the application of the electric automatic control system, it can realize the centralized control, the operation is convenient, and the maintenance is simple, and the equipment cost is relatively low. The pulse valve of the low-pressure pulse-type bag filter has a long service life, so the system has a long service life, and the internal structure is simple, which makes it easy to find operational problems and ensure its normal use.

　　3 Practical application of electrical automatic control technology in dust collector system

　　3.1 Clean the ash

　 　 Dust cleaning is an important part of the operation of the dust collector system, and the application of electro-automatic technology can also be used to clean the dust at the same time as the pressure difference is cleaned, and the dust collector can also achieve a significant increase in efficiency. Before cleaning, it is necessary to temporarily stop the cleaning and close the cabin of the cleaning system. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is used to control the pulse valve according to a preset program. During this process, a certain pressure is applied to the injection valve by compressing the air. Before this, the sealing film should be opened and sprayed out through the blowing port to facilitate the implementation. The dust bag is then used to absorb the dust and drop it in the ash storage hopper. During the dust removal operation, it is necessary to effectively control the operating speed of the pulse valve and ensure its accuracy. The spraying time interval should be controlled at about 10s, and the two separate dust-removing bags should be controlled to avoid interference from each other. After the dust removal operation is completed, the dust removal system can be converted from the dust removal work state to the full filtration state. During the operation of the dust removal system of the dust collector, the whole process is adjusted and controlled by the PLC to realize the automatic function, which can adjust the spraying time, the periodic gap and the interval time appropriately, which can not meet the requirements. During this process, there is no need to manually start and stop, and various valve devices are adjusted and controlled automatically. According to the actual needs of the dust removal work, the corresponding setting procedure can be used to perform automatic operation according to the procedure, and it can be tracked and checked to understand the specific work situation.

　　3.2 Unloading Ash

　　 The dust removed by the dust collector system must be temporarily stored in the dust collector. When the accumulation of dust reaches a certain target, it is extremely important to remove the dust. In traditional dust collectors, the process of discharging the ash needs to be completed manually, and the efficiency is low, and the effect is poor. Applying the electrical automatic control technology to the dust collector system can effectively increase the efficiency of ash unloading and increase the level of automation. The principle and process of ash unloading are as follows: When the accumulation of ash reaches a certain level, the automation system can immediately sense the current working status and send an ash unloading signal to the PLC control system. After the PLC system receives the signal, it can mobilize the ash unloading motor within 5 seconds. After the ash unloading motor moves for 9 seconds, the vibrating motor can be started therewith to remove the dust to the outside of the dust collector. After 5s, the scraper motor starts. At this time, the remaining dust in the dust collector can be removed. In order to improve the rationality of ash unloading, workers can control the time interval of ash unloading by adjusting the power rate of the motor. Under normal circumstances, it is more appropriate to control the two ash unloading time at about 30 minutes. Workers can appropriately lengthen or shorten the interval between two dust unloading according to the work site and dust removal capacity of the dust collector to increase the dust removal efficiency.

　　3.3 Air compressor

　　Controlling the gas tank is a key step for controlling the air compressor. The pressure control is the key to the control of the gas tank. According to the operating principle of the gas storage tank, when the air pressure is lower than the set pressure, the moving head can be connected with the static head to make the relay start to work. Conversely, when the air pressure is higher than the designed pressure value, the moving head will be disconnected from the static head, the relay circuit will be cut off, and the air compressor will stop working. Using the above-mentioned method to control the air compressor can effectively improve the convenience of changing the mechanical status and increase the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector system. However, this control method also has certain problems. If the relay is started frequently, circuit failures are prone to occur, which is not conducive to the prolongation of the life of the dust collector system. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to change the control method. Practice has shown that the use of a two-level control method to control the air compressor, with the primary control system controlling the main circuit, and the secondary control system controlling the power supply, can improve the operating efficiency of the air compressor and at the same time solve the circuit failure. , It is more beneficial to improve the operational safety of the dust collector system. The staff can look at the operating frequency of the air compressor tank and consider the use of a two-level control system to control the on and off of the circuit to improve the safety of the system operation.

4 Conclusion

　　 In summary, the application of the dust collector system is mainly responsible for the impact of industrial dust