Basic knowledge of gas compressor and its role in various fields

Basic knowledge of gas compressor and its role in various fields

1.Compressor power and pressure:

1. The shaft power of the compressor is the sum of the indicated power and the friction power. The indicated power is the power directly consumed by compressed gas, the friction power is the power consumed by overcoming mechanical friction, and the shaft power of the compressor is the power used to select the drive motor.

　　2. Pressure: 1 bar (bar)=14.504 psi=0.1 Mpa=1kg/c㎡=105pa

　　 2. Compressor use

　　 Compressor is a machine that compresses gas, increases gas pressure or delivers gas.

The main purpose:

　　 gas delivery;

　　 motive medium;

　　Refrigeration and gas separation.

　　 Three, compressor type

　　 1. According to the principle of action, it is divided into: volumetric and velocity

　　 Positive displacement compressors change the working volume by reciprocating pistons or rotating rotors in the cylinder, thereby reducing the gas volume and increasing the gas pressure, that is, the pressure increase is achieved by direct gas volume compression.

The speed compressor relies on the action of the high-speed rotating impeller to increase the pressure and velocity of the gas, and then converts a part of the gas velocity into the pressure energy of the gas in the fixed element. High speed, and then reduce the speed in the diffuser to convert kinetic energy into pressure energy.

　　2, according to the pressure level classification can be divided into:

　　 low pressure compressor, outlet pressure is 0.2-0.98Mpa (gauge pressure);

　　 medium pressure compressor, outlet pressure is 0.98-9.8 Mpa (gauge pressure);

　　 high pressure compressor, outlet pressure is greater than 9.8 Mpa (gauge pressure).

　　3. According to the type of compressed medium, it is divided into: air compressor, nitrogen compressor, hydrogen compressor, oxygen compressor, gas compressor, etc.

　　 Fourth, the role of gas compressors in various fields

Air compressors are widely used in electricity, textiles, steel, food, pharmaceuticals, breathing, diving, fire protection, electronics, machinery, equipment, automobiles, packaging, printing, toys, chemicals, energy, glass, environmental protection, hardware, PET blowing , Ships, military industry, etc.

　　 1. Compressed air as power:

A total of all kinds of pneumatic machinery are driven. The exhaust pressure of pneumatic tools is 7～8kg/c㎡. It is used to control instruments and automation devices. The pressure is about 6kg/c㎡. The vehicle automatically opens and closes doors and windows. The pressure is 2～4kg. /c㎡, the mixing in the pharmaceutical industry and the wine industry, the pressure is 4kg/c㎡, the weft blowing pressure in the air-jet loom is 1～2kg/c㎡, the starting pressure of the medium and large diesel engine is 25～60kg/c㎡, Oil well fracturing, the pressure is 150kg/c㎡, the "secondary method" oil extraction, the pressure is about kg/c㎡, the pressure of high-pressure blasting coal mining is about 800kg/c㎡, and the compressed air in the defense industry is its power. The ups and downs of submarines, the shooting and driving of torpedoes, and the salvage of sunken ships are all powered by compressed air under different pressures.

　　2. Compressed gas is used for refrigeration and gas separation:

　　 The gas is compressed, cooled, expanded and liquefied, and is used for artificial refrigeration such as ammonia or freon compressors. The compression pressure is mostly 8-12kg/c㎡, and this type of compressor is usually called "refrigerator" or "ice machine". In addition, if the liquefied gas is a mixed gas, the components can be separated separately in the separation device to obtain a variety of qualified lip-reading gases. For example, pure oxygen, pure nitrogen, and pure xenon, krypton, argon, helium and other rare gases can be obtained after air liquefaction and separation.

　　3. Compressed gas is used for synthesis and polymerization:

　　In the chemical industry, gas is compressed to high pressure, which is often advantageous for synthesis and polymerization. For example, the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, the synthesis of methanol from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and ammonia. In the chemical industry, for example, the pressure of high-pressure polyethylene can reach 1500-3200 kg/c㎡.

　　4. Compressed gas is difficult. Regarding the hydrorefining of oil:

　　 In the petroleum industry, hydrogen is artificially heated and pressurized to react with oil, which can crack the reconstituted hydrocarbons into lighter hydrocarbons, such as the lightening of heavy oil and the hydrofinishing of lubricating oil.

　　5. Gas delivery:

　　 Compressors used for pipeline transportation of gas, the pressure depends on the length of the pipeline. When sending remote gas, the pressure can reach 30kg/c㎡. The chlorine bottling pressure is 10-15kg/c㎡, and the carbon dioxide bottling pressure is kg/c㎡.